Treasury Utilization Opportunity with OUSD


title: Treasury Utilization Opportunity with OUSD

category: treasury investment

author: Peter of Origin Protocol <peter@originprotocol.com>
created: 2023-02-06

replaces: n/a

dependencies: n/a

Proposal

Convert USD250k - 500k of Rook’s idle treasury USDC or DAI per quarter for 12 quarters into Origin Protocol’s stablecoin OUSD to generate yield, beginning 90 days after proposal ratification and 1 month after a 50k test OUSD transaction.

References

[1] Origin Trading Wallet

[2] OUSD Website

[3] OUSD Documentation/Gitbook

[4] OUSD Dune Analytics

[5] OUSD Yield Generation

[6] OUSD App

[7] Rook Expected OUSD Return Calculator

[8] OUSD Smart Contract Audits

[9] InsurAce Rating

[10] OUSD Governance Docs

[11] OUSD Historical APY 3-month

[12] OUSD Historical APY long-term

[13] API Endpoints

[14] OUSD Market Cap and TVL

[15] Origin Protocol Team and Community

Background

Summary
By converting a portion of the treasury’s idle stablecoin into OUSD and holding the tokens within the treasury wallet, Rook will continuously earn passive yield without having to stake, manage a position, or interact with other protocols.

  • Initial 50k investment will be considered a test transaction, to allow the DAO enough time to select a treasury team and set up necessary dashboards/reporting, and to ensure rebasing is enabled and is functioning properly
  • 250k - 500k quarterly investments can be increased, paused, or unwound at the discretion of the treasury team, with input from the Rook community, DAO, and core team
  • Opportunity to receive bonus OGV tokens

Investment amount and type

  • Yield Generating, Strategic

Mission Alignment

Origin envisions and strives towards financial opportunity for all. OUSD was developed to be permissionless and open to anyone - not to be exclusive to institutions and accredited investors. An investment into OUSD aligns well with Rook’s shared mission of an egalitarian economy for all blockchain users.

Origin is appreciative of Rook’s unique decentralized exchange, protecting against MEV, and has been researching potential ways to integrate it into the OUSD ecosystem. In the meantime, Origin has authorized its treasury team to place test trades through Rook’s protocol, which they have done several times over the past few months with close to 100k USD between OUSD, USDT, USDC, DAI. These transactions can be seen within the Origin trading wallet list of Rook transactions [1]. Origin has also been active in the Rook community, participating in weekly calls and communicating within Rook social channels.

Expected benefits for Rook

OUSD will passively generate yield while sitting in the Rook DAO treasury wallet, helping secure Rook’s future by extending the project runway each additional day it is held within the treasury.

Analysis

General

The Origin Dollar (OUSD)

OUSD is an ERC20 stablecoin that generates yield while sitting in your wallet [2]. It is backed 1:1 by USDC, DAI, and USDT at all times, and holders can go in and out of OUSD as they please. Yield is paid out daily and automatically (sometimes multiple times per day) though a positive rebase in the form of additional OUSD, proportional to the amount of OUSD held [3]. OUSD’s yield of 4.78% (trailing 365-day APY as of February 6, 2023 [4]), comes from a combination of [5]:

  1. Lending collateral to Aave, Compound, Morpho, Curve, and Convex

  2. Reward tokens (AAVE, COMP, CRV, and CVX) are automatically claimed and converted to stablecoin

  3. A 25bp exit fee is charged to those who choose to exit OUSD via the dapp [6] (completely avoidable if using DEX or CEX); this fee goes back to OUSD holders

  4. OUSD sitting in non-upgradable contracts (about half the OUSD in existence) does not rebase, instead the interest generated from those tokens is provided to those that can rebase

These 4 yield generating functions combined enable OUSD to generate higher yields than lending directly to any single protocol.

There are no lock-ups, terms, or conditions with OUSD; it’s completely non-custodial. Any web3 wallet should be able to support OUSD and its rebasing function, including hardware wallets, Gnosis Safe, and other multisigs. There’s no need to ever again give up the keys to a 3rd party platform, such as Celsius, Blockfi, or FTX, to earn yield.

Expected Return

OUSD rebasing happens at least once per day, but often multiple times per day. Yield earned from OUSD is always subject to compounding interest. Please use this calculator to estimate the OUSD return over the proposed 12 quarters, following the initial 50k test transaction [7]. The calculations assume the investment is held within a rebase-capable wallet, like MetaMask or Gnosis Safe. On the calculator, cells in green are the investments made at the beginning of the month, while cells in orange are months with no OUSD investment. Parameters you may want to change and explore in the calculator are cells B70 - B73 and B76 - E79 (outlined in bold boxes). To change the OUSD APY or investment amount, select File > Make a Copy.

Potential Risks and Mitigation

There are four risks when using OUSD, and Origin is making sure to reduce each risk as much as possible:

Counterparty risk - OUSD is governed by stakeholders around the world. Everything from yield generation to fee collection and distribution is managed by a set of smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. These contracts are upgradeable with a timelock and are controlled by hundreds of governance token holders. While the initial contracts and yield-earning strategies were developed by the Origin team, anyone can shape the future of OUSD by creating or voting on proposals, submitting new strategies, or contributing code improvements. We intend for all important decisions to be made through community governance and limited powers to be delegated to trusted contributors who are more actively involved in the day-to-day management of the protocol.

Smart contract risk of the yield strategies - Origin is only using platforms for yield generation that have a proven track record, have been audited, have billions in TVL, maintain a bug

bounty program, and provide over-collateralized loans. Over-collateralization in itself, combined with liquidations, provides a reasonable level of security for lenders.

Stablecoin risk - Origin has chosen 3 of the largest stablecoins to ever exist to back OUSD, and they have stood the test of time and maintained their peg quite well through multiple bull and bear cycles. They have also demonstrated significant growth in circulating supply, so the Origin team is confident that the 3 stables will maintain their peg and that OUSD will remain stable. OUSD is also using Chainlink oracles for pricing data for DAI, USDC and USDT to ensure accurate pricing at all times.

Smart contract risk of OUSD - Origin is taking every step possible to be proactive and lessen the chance of losing funds. Security reviews of OUSD are prioritized over new feature development, with regular audits being done, and multiple engineers are required to review each code change with a detailed checklist. There are timelocks before protocol upgrades are launched, and deep dives into the exploits of other protocols are constantly being done to make sure the same exploits don’t exist on Origin contracts. Security is extremely important to the Origin team. 7+ audits have been done since 2020, all of which can be seen on Audits - OUSD, and OpenZeppelin is now on retainer [8]. On-chain insurance protocol InsurAce awarded OUSD the highest possible security rating of AAA, which only 4 projects on the InsurAce platform have received [9].

Implementation

Execution

Very little work is necessary to execute this proposal. The OUSD dApp is already available within the Gnosis app catalog. Rook will convert the USDC or DAI into OUSD using the OUSD dApp within Gnosis, and then will “Opt in” to yield generation by clicking the Opt in button within Gnosis or by calling the rebaseOptIn() function.

A screenshot of the Opt in button on Gnosis can be seen here:

Position Management

Each week a governance vote is held to determine the best allocation of OUSD collateral between the whitelisted strategies, voted on by OGV holders [10]. OGV is the governance token for OUSD, and any token holder can participate in these votes after staking their OGV for veOGV. Voters will often vote for the strategy that leads to the greatest yield generation, with strong levels of security in mind. OGV holders also have the ability to propose new yield strategies for OUSD.

Monitoring and Reporting

While there is no need to actively manage an OUSD position due to the automated features of OUSD, monitoring of the current OUSD APY, strategies, and backing collateral, is always available in real time on the OUSD Analytics page [4]. A three month day-to-day OUSD APY can be seen on this page on the analytics site, updated daily, while a longer history of the OUSD APY is available via this Dune query [11, 12]. API endpoints containing OUSD data is also available via the API page of the OUSD docs [13].

Rook Treasury Team

Rook may choose to appoint a delegated treasury team to help keep track of the OUSD investment, participate in the weekly allocation votes, and make the USDC or DAI investments into OUSD each quarter. The treasury team will have the flexibility to choose between USD250k - 500k USDC and DAI to invest into OUSD each quarter, with input from the Rook DAO, community, and core team. The treasury team can choose to build the current Rook treasury dashboards and Dune queries, or build additional dashboards, around the OUSD investment. To assist with reporting and decision making, the Origin team can add the delegated Rook treasury team to a distribution list that will receive a weekly OUSD analytics report. Here is an example analytics email from November 2022:

OGV Bonus Terms

There are no lockups with this proposal, Rook can move in and out of OUSD as the treasury team, core team, DAO, and community desires. OUSD remains completely liquid at all times, and can be spent in the same way as its backing stablecoins, if unexpected expenses were to arise.

Should Rook invest $5M or more USDC/DAI from the treasury in OUSD, Origin would be willing to include bonus incentives to Rook in the form of OUSD’s governance token, OGV.

As a token of appreciation and to align incentives over the long term, Origin will give Rook up to 0.15% of the current total supply of OGV. Origin will provide Rook a payment of 0.05% of the initial OGV supply (2m OGV) over 4 years on this schedule, should Rook continue and not dissolve or reduce below its $5M OUSD allocation at which point all pending OGV payments described in this section would be removed:

$5m OUSD OGV allocation schedule

0.5m OGV after year 1

0.04166665m OGV per month for the 36 months following year 1

If during the first 6 months of initial deployment into OUSD, Rook has an average balance greater than $5M OUSD, there will be a linear increase to the amount of OGV provided to Rook up to a maximum of 0.15% initial OGV supply (6m OGV) at $30M OUSD allocation. If Rook decides to dissolve or reduce its OUSD position below the initial 6-month average established, the future OGV payment schedule will be recalculated based on the reduced allocation rather than the initial 6-month average.

By holding OGV, Rook will have the opportunity to participate in OUSD governance and will have a say in OUSD’s future. Additionally, OGV recognizes that Rook could be a key strategic partner and would like to offer an aligned incentive structure that encourages mutual success.

If the Rook treasury wallet holds less than $5M OUSD, it will still receive the daily OUSD rebase rewards, but will not be allocated any OGV tokens.

Official Team and Disclosure

Origin was founded by Web3 veterans Josh Fraser and Matthew Liu in 2017 and is one of the most venerable projects in the space. Origin has raised $38.1M from top investors including Pantera, Spartan Group, Foundation Capital, BlockTower Capital, Steve Chen, Garry Tan, and Alexis Ohanian, and currently maintains a multimillion dollar treasury. As a technology partner, Origin Story, released in 2019, has helped launch some of the largest NFT projects to-date:

· Paris Hilton Launches ‘Past Lives, New Beginnings

· 3LAU Launches Record-Setting $11.7M Auction

· Charlie Bit My Finger NFT Sale Makes Headlines and Sets New Record

· Macallan Cask NFT Sells For $2.3 Million

· First Real Estate Sale via NFT Marketplace

In 2020, Origin Protocol’s second product, the Origin Dollar, was launched. In early 2022, OUSD reached a market cap of $298m, with no issues, and without diminishing the daily rebase payments; OUSD can easily function with scale. Since OUSD is backed 1:1 by its collateral assets at all times, and OUSD and its collateral are stablecoins, OUSD market cap = OUSD supply = OUSD TVL. The current OUSD market cap is ~$49m as of February 6, 2023, growing each day with each rebase [14].

Peter is a core member of Origin Protocol and is joined by the fully doxxed Origin team and community, which includes hundreds of thousands of members and open-source contributors [15]. Many members of the Origin team, including both founders, are holding a significant portion of their personal wealth in OUSD. Origin Protocol’s corporate treasury is also holding millions of dollars in OUSD. We have skin in the game and are willing to put our own money at risk with the code we have written.

Specification

  • from within Gnosis Safe using the Origin Dollar dApp, Rook will convert 50k USDC or DAI into OUSD as a test transaction, within 90 days of proposal ratification

  • Rook will “Opt in” to yield generation

  • Rook with invest USD250k - 500k USDC or DAI into OUSD, 1 month after success of the test transaction

  • Rook will repeat the investment for the following 11 quarters, increasing, decreasing, or keeping the investment the same

1 Like

Hey guys, thanks for taking the time to write this up - really like the amount of diligence on display here. Some quick thoughts/questions:

  • Are there any market opportunities for secondary yield generation on OUSD? (LPing, etc)
  • Happy with the 1 month test period
  • Given how fast the crypto landscape tends to change it’s unlikely that a 3 year commitment will be made right out of the gate
  • On the upgradable OUSD contracts is the owner address an EOA or a multisig, and if the latter whats the quorum + who are the signers (pseudonyms/doxxed)
  • How much DEX liquidity is available for OUSD on average?

Looks like a good product; personally I’d be open to moving forward with the test tx

2 Likes

Hey x50, thanks for the kind words, here are the answers to your questions

The main use case for OUSD is to hold it within your wallet to receive the yield passively. At the moment there is only one secondary protocol to deploy OUSD on, which is the ICHI Vault. However, there are several other protocols currently building OUSD markets that should be live in the coming weeks, such as Archimedes, Ondo (through Flux), and potentially Aave. OUSD pools are always available to contribute to via DEX, but they do not receive the rebase rewards.

Great! One month should be plenty of time to ensure the yield is being properly generated for the treasury.

Not a problem. The model was created over a timespan of 16 quarters, but we’d be happy to scrap this part of the proposal and leave it open-ended and up to the community, DAO, core team, and treasury team do decide on.

For this question I will direct you to this page in the admin section of the OUSD docs. Quorum for OUSD governance is 10m OGV, but launching new strategies and OUSD collateral assets must also pass Origin’s rigorous security due diligence and multiple audits - this is why there has not been a new collateral asset and only a small handful of new yield strategies added since the 2020 launch.

Tens of millions in DEX liquidity! Currently the Curve Factory Pool has the majority of the on-chain liquidity for OUSD, but many swaps made through the ousd.com dapp are also routed through Uniswap and Sushiswap.

Appreciate your support!

1 Like

This is really great work and I appreciate how much time and diligence went into this proposal. Overall, I think proposal is very compelling and fits well with our Treasury’s risk profile and composition.

Here are a couple of things I would consider adjusting depending on how others may feel:

  1. Be more explicit with which party (or parties) have the ability to adjust, rebalance, and terminate this position. Preferably that would be the Treasury Team, but that can be verified through community calls and other discourse.
  2. In line with the comment above, I’d like to explicitly state that the DAO has the ability to end quarterly deposits at the discretion of the same parties determined above.
  3. I believe there are some morpho rewards owed to you guys that are currently locked, correct? If so, I’d be interested in seeing some discussion about how those rewards may impact APY and for what period?

Some other questions I have:
a) What protocol do you typically leverage for swapping your different assets (DAI, USDC, etc)? Would you ever be open to commiting to testing/using our app to do so?
b) Are there any anticipated changes coming to the protocol or your governance systems?
c) Are you guys even close to considering adding another stablecoin to the mix? Does that go through general governance or is there a separate path for this?

3 Likes

Hey DaddyMatty, thanks for your input! These are all great points:

Excellent, ultimately it should come down to the decision of the DAO, and we envisioned that the treasury team would be a delegated division of the DAO.

The OUSD protocol will be owed a significant portion of the MORPHO tokens once they unlock. Unfortunately, no one knows for sure when this will happen. The original thought was to liquidate the tokens for a boost in yield, but some OGV stakers have been suggesting that we hang on to them or distribute them to OGV stakers. It will be up to OGV voters to decide what happens when those tokens eventually become transferrable.

For swapping the backing assets, we have been using the Curve pool linked in the comment above. This is part of the Meta strategy. For routing the harvest transactions, we have the contracts set up to swap through Sushiswap, which is how a portion of the OUSD yield is captured.

Of course! But for swapping the stablecoin backing OUSD, it would need to be positioned as a new OUSD strategy and go through the OGV governance process, since the OUSD strategists don’t have the authority to interact with other contracts or DEXs. We’d be happy to assist with putting that proposal together!

There is a new Uniswap yield strategy going through the due diligence process at this very moment that passed governance a few days ago. Also in progress is the full handoff of the protocol to the DAO, which will bring with it full on-chain voting. Everything else should stay the same.

The governance process is still the same. We’ve started exploring a few, but none of them have made it all the way through our security reviews. LUSD is the leading option, but we still have extensive testing to do, as well as audits. We’ve put together a scorecard to help guide the community in finding the next potential collateral stablecoin, but it might be a while. In terms of Origin’s priorities, it goes:

  1. Security
  2. Highest yield possible, with our current strategies
  3. New strategies with other protocols
  4. New backing assets
  5. New blockchains
1 Like

UPDATE: OUSD joined Treasury Tuesday on 2023-02-14 to discuss their proposal and OUSD’s place in the larger stablecoin market. For more detail, see Treasury Tuesday - Rookbase